Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp là gì trong tiếng Anh

Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp là gì? Mẹo chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp dễ nhất luôn là một câu hỏi thường gặp đối với những bạn bắt đầu gặp dạng ngữ pháp này. Đây được xem như là một phần học cực kỳ quan trọng trong chương trình Tiếng Anh qua các cấp cũng như trong IELTS, TOEIC,… Cùng ISA tìm hiểu tất tần tật về câu gián tiếp, câu trực tiếp nhé!

I. KHÁI NIỆM CÂU TRỰC TIẾP, GIÁN TIẾP

1.Câu trực tiếp

Direct speech hay còn gọi là câu trực tiếp: là trích dẫn một cách nguyên bản lời của ai đó nói. Với dạng câu này, lời của người nói sẽ được để trong dấu ngoặc kép

Ví dụ: She said ” The exam is difficult”. “The exam is difficult” là lời nói trực tiếp hay câu trực tiếp.

 

2.Câu gián tiếp

Indirect speech hay còn gọi là câu gián tiếp: là cách diễn lại một cách chính xác nhất lời của một người khác dưới dạng gián tiếp và không sử dụng dấu ngoặc kép trong câu.

Ví dụ: Hoa said,”I want to go home” -> Hoa said she wanted to go home là indirect speech

II. CÁCH CHUYỂN CÂU TRỰC TIẾP SANG CÂU GIÁN TIẾP

Không khó để chuyển câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp cho nhau. Chúng ta chỉ việc kết nối nội dung của câu A kết hợp với việc hạ động từ sao cho phù hợp nhất xuống một thì quá khứ.

​Nếu động từ ở câu trực tiếp (reporting verb) đang ở thì quá khứ thì ta cầnphải lùi động từ chính về  1 thì quá khứ khác như QKHT,…(lùi một bậc)

Nếu động từ ở câu trực tiếp (reporting verb) chia ở các thì hiện tại: chúng ta bắt buộc phải giữ nguyên thì của động từ chính cung với đó các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn cũng như trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong câu trực tiếp khi chuyển sang gián tiếp.

Xem thêm: Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp tại đây

III. CÁC LOẠI CÂU TRỰC TIẾP, GIÁN TIẾP

1.Dạng câu kể

S + say(s)/said + (that) + S + V

• says/say to + O -> tells/tell + O
• said to + O ->told+O

Eg: He said to me”I haven’t finished my work” -> He told me he hadn’t finished his work.

2.Dạng câu hỏi

a.Yes/No questions:

S+asked/wanted to know/wondered+if/wether+S+V

Ex: ”Are you angry?”he asked -> He asked if/whether I was angry.

b.Wh-questions:

S + asked(+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words + S + V.

* says/say to + O  -> asks/ask + O

* said to + O  -> asked + O.

Ex: ”What are you talking about?”said the teacher. -> The teacher asked us what we were talking about.

3.Dạng câu mệnh lệnh

*Khẳng định: S + told + O + to-infinitive.

Ex: ”Please wait for me here, Mary.

”Tom said -> Tom told Mary to wait for him there.

*Phủ định: : S + told + O + not to-infinitive.

Ex: ”Don’t talk in class”,the teacher said to us. –>The teacher told us not to talk in class.

1. Một số dạng câu tường thuật đặc biệt

-> SHALL/ WOULD dùng để diễn tả đề nghị, lời mời:

Tom asked: ‘Shall I bring you some tea?’

 -> Tom offered to bring me some tea.

Tom asked: ‘Shall we meet at the theatre?’

 -> Tom suggested meeting at the theatre.

-> WILL/ WOULD/ CAN/ COULD diễn tả sự yêu cầu:

Tom asked: ‘Will you help me, please?’

 -> Tom asked me to help him.

Jane asked Tom: ‘Can you open the door for me, Tom?’

 -> Jane asked Tom to open the door for her.

Nhìn chung, câu trực tiếp gián tiếp là phần mà bạn chắc chắn sẽ được học và luyện đề rất kỹ ở khóa học Pre IELTS và IELTS BASIC 1. Nếu như bạn vẫn đang muốn tìm hiểu kỹ hơn về các khóa học, hãy liên hệ với iSA đề nhận được sự tư vấn nhiệt tình nhất. Tại ISA, với đội ngũ giáo viên uy tín cũng giáo trình tự biên soạn cực kỳ chất lượng sẽ là nơi thích hợp để bạn đặt niềm tin trên con đường chinh phục IELTS. 

IV. BÀI TẬP CÂU TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP

Bài 1: Hoàn thành các câu sau.

1. “Where is my bag?” she asked.

She asked……………………………………… ………………….

2. “How are you?” Martin asked us.

Martin asked us………………………………………… ……………….

3. He asked, “Do I have to do it?”

He asked……………………………………… ………………….

4. “What did you buy?” the mother asked her daughter.

The mother asked her daughter…………………………………… …………………….

5. “Which dress do you like best?” she asked her boyfriend.

She asked her boyfriend………………………………….. ……………………..

6. “What are they doing?” she asked.

She wanted to know………………………………………. …………………

7. “Do you enjoy the party?” he asked me.

He wanted to know………………………………………. …………………

8. The teacher asked, “Who speaks English?”

The teacher wanted to know………………………………………. …………………

9. “How do you know that?” she asked me.

She asked me………………………………………… ……………….

10. “Has Caron talked to Kevin?” my friend asked me.

My friend asked me………………………………………… ……………….

11. “What’s the time?” he asked.

→ He wanted to know ………………………………………….. .

12. “When will we meet again?” she asked me.

→ She asked me ………………………………………….. .

13. “Are you a student?” she asked him.

→ She asked him ………………………………………….. .

14. “Where did they live?” he asked.

→ He wanted to know ………………………………………….. .

15. “Will you be at the party?” he asked her.

→ He asked her ………………………………………….. .

16. “Can you meet me at the post office?” she asked me.

→ She asked me ………………………………………….. .

17. “Who knows the answer?” the teacher asked.

→ The teacher wanted to know ………………………………………….. .

18. “Why don’t you help me?” she asked him.

→ She wanted to know ………………………………………….. .

19. “Did you see that car?” he asked me.

→ He asked me ………………………………………….. .

20. “Have you tidied up your room?” the mother asked the twins.

→ The mother asked the twins ………………………………………….. 

21. “Stop talking, Joe,” the teacher said.

→ The teacher told Joe ………………………………………….. .

22. “Be patient,” she said to him.

→ She told him ………………………………………….. .

23. “Go to your room,” her father said to her.

→ Her father told her ………………………………………….. .

24. “Turn off the television,” she said to us.

→ She told us ………………………………………….. .

25. “Give me the key,” he told her.

→ He asked her ………………………………………….. .

26. “Play it again, Sam,” she said.

→ She asked Sam ………………………………………….. .

27. “Sit down, Caron” he said.

→ He asked Caron ………………………………………….. .

28. “Fill in the form, Sir,” the receptionist said.

→ The receptionist asked the guest ………………………………………….. .

29. “Take off your shoes,” she told us.

→ She told us ………………………………………….. .

30. “Mind your own business,” she told him.

→ She told him ………………………………………….. .

31. “Don’t touch it,” she said to him.

→ She told him ………………………………………….. .

32. “Don’t do that again,” he said to me.

→ He told me ………………………………………….. .

33. “Don’t talk to me like that,” he said.

→ He told her ………………………………………….. .

34. “Don’t repair the computer yourself,” she warned him.

→ She warned him ………………………………………….. .

35. “Don’t let him in,” she said.

→ She told me ………………………………………….. .

36. “Don’t go out without me,” he begged her.

→ He begged her ………………………………………….. .

37. “Don’t tell them about my secret,” she told me.

→ She told me ………………………………………….. .

38. “Don’t eat in the lab,” the chemistry teacher said.

→ The chemistry teacher told his students ………………………………………….. .

39. “Don’t give yourself up,” he advised her.

→ He advised her ………………………………………….. .

40. “Don’t hurt yourselves, boys,” she said.

→ She told the boys ………………………………………….. .

Bài 2: Bài tập câu tường thuật pha trộn negative và positive

1. She said, “Go upstairs.”

→ She told him………………………………………….. .

2. “Close the door behind you,” he told me.

→ He told me ………………………………………….. .

3. “Don’t be late,” he advised us.

→ He advised us ………………………………………….. .

4. “Stop staring at me,” she said.

→ She told him ………………………………………….. .

5. “Don’t be angry with me,” he said.

→ He asked her ………………………………………….. .

6. “Complete your homework,” she said.

→ She told me ………………………………………….. .

7. “Don’t drink and drive,” she warned us.

→ She warned us ………………………………………….. .

8. “John, stop smoking,” she said.

→ She told John ………………………………………….. .

9. “Don’t worry about us,” they said.

→ They told her ………………………………………….. .

10. “Meet me at the cinema.” he said.

→ He asked me ………………………………………….. .

11. He said, “I like this song and I listen to it everyday.”

→ He said ………………………………………….. .

12. “Where is your sister?” she asked me.

→ She asked me ………………………………………….. .

13. “I don’t speak English,” she said.

→ She said ………………………………………….. .

14. “Say hello to Jim,” they said.

→ They asked me ………………………………………….. .

15. “The film began at seven o’clock,” he said.

→ He said that ………………………………………….. .

16. “Don’t play on the grass, boys,” she said.

→ She told ………………………………………….. .

17. “Where have you spent your money?” she asked him.

→ She asked him ………………………………………….. .

18. “I have never been Italy before,” he said.

→ He said ………………………………………….. .

19. “Does she know Robert?” he wanted to know.

→ He wanted ………………………………………….. .

20. “Don’t try this at home,” the stuntman told the audience.

→ The stuntman advised ………………………………………….. .

21. “I was very tired,” she said.

→ She said ………………………………………….. .

22. “Be careful, Ben,” she said.

→ She told ………………………………………….. .

23. “I will go to the cinema tomorrow,” she says.

→ She said ………………………………………….. .

24. “Why haven’t you phoned me?” he asked me.

→ He wondered ………………………………………….. .

25. “I cannot drive them home,” he said.

→ He said ………………………………………….. .

26. “Peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?” she says.

→ She asked ………………………………………….. .

27. “Where did you teach last year?” she asked me.

→ She asked ………………………………………….. .

28. He said, “Don’t go too far.”

→ He advised her ………………………………………….. .

29. “Have you been shopping?” he asked us.

→ He wanted ………………………………………….. .

30. “Don’t buy this house,” he says.

→ He asked ………………………………………….. .

ĐÁP ÁN PHẦN CÂU TRỰC TIẾP, GIÁN TIẾP

Bài 1:

1. She asked me where her bag was.
2. Martin asked us how we were.
3. He asked if he had to do it.
4. The mother asked her daughter what she bought.
5. She asked her boyfriend which dress he liked best.
6. She wanted to know what they were doing.
7. He wanted to know if I enjoyed the party.
8. The teacher wanted to know who spoke English.
9. She asked me how I knew that.
10. My friend asked me if Caron had talked to Kevin.
11. He wanted to know what time it was.
12. She asked me when we would meet again.
13. She asked him if he was a student.
14. He wanted to know where they had lived.
15. He asked her if she would be at the party.
16. She asked me if I could meet her at the post office.
17. The teacher wanted to know who knew the answer.
18. She wanted to know why he didn’t help her.
19. He asked me if I had seen that car.
20. The mother asked the twins if they had tidied up their room.
21. The teacher told Joe to stop talking.
22. She told him to be patient.
23. Her father told her to go to her room.
24. She told us to turn off the television.
25. He asked her to give him the key.
26. She asked Sam to play it again.
27. He asked Caron to sit down.
28. The receptionist asked the guest to fill in the form.
29. She told us to take off our shoes.
30. She told him to mind his own business.
31. She told him not to touch it.
32. He told me not to do that again.
33. He told her not to talk to him like that.
34. She warned him not to repair the computer himself.
35. She told me not to let him in.
36. He begged her not to go out without him.
37. She told me not to tell them about her secret.
38. The chemistry teacher told his students not to eat in the class.
39. He advised her not to give herself up.
40. She told the boys not to hurt themselves.

Bài 2:

1. She told him to go upstairs.
2. He told me to close the door behind me.
3. He advised us not to be late.
4. She told him to stop staring at her.
5. He asked her not to be angry with him.
6. She told me to complete my homework.
7. She warned us not to drink and drive.
8. She told John to stop smoking.
9. They told her not to worry about them.
10. He asked me to meet him at the cinema.
11. He said that he liked that song and he listened to it everyday.
12. She asked me where my sister was.
13. She said that she didn’t speak English.
14. They asked me to say hello to Jim.
15. He said that the film began at seven o’clock.
16. She told the boys not to play on the grass.
17. She asked him where he had spent his money.
18. He said that he had never been Italy before.
19. He wanted to know if she knew Robert.
20. The stuntman advised the audience not to try that at home.
21. She said that she had been very tired.
22. She told Ben to be careful.
23. She said she would go to the cinema the following day.
24. He wondered why she hadn’t phoned him.
25. He said that he could not drive them home.
26. She asked Peter if he preferred tea or coffee.
27. She asked me where I taught the previous year.
28. He advised her not to go too far.
29. He wanted to know if we had been shopping.
30. He asked us not to buy that house.

Xem thêm các bài học khác:

• IELTS BASIC 2

Với bài viết này, ISA mong rằng đã mang đến cho bạn những kiến thức bổ ích về câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp là gì trong Tiếng Anh. Vì là phần ngữ pháp rất quan trọng, nếu không nắm chắc bạn sẽ bị để mất điểm một cách rất đáng tiếc. Mong bạn học tập tốt và đạt được mục tiêu của mình. Đừng quên đăng ký lộ trình học IELTS phù hợp tại ISA bạn nhé!